towards the end of vaccine reminders?

A “split” administration vaccine has been developed by researchers from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Rice University. However, Polymers’ microparticles containing several doses of vaccines have been used. In addition, They allow the release of doses at predetermined times after a single injection. Meanwhile, This new technology. For example, developed thanks to AI, should make it possible to avoid recall injections and could guarantee better vaccination coverage with a single injection.

Vaccination remains the most effective and profitable strategy to prevent infectious diseases, saving around 6 million lives per year. In addition, The introduction of vaccines has considerably reduced the incidence of preventable diseases by vaccination. However, in particular with the implementation of “extended vaccination programs” (PEV). Similarly,

Under immunization. For example, a major public health problem in the world

The public health objective is to use strategies to optimize total vaccination coverage and thus allow towards end vaccine reminders? access to vaccination for all, especially in developing countries where health infrastructure is limited. However, today in the world, 20 % of children are not completely vaccinated, which causes 1.5 million deaths each year of children due to preventable vaccination diseases. Meanwhile, Studies have shown that almost 50 % of infants in developing regions have not received the recommended vaccine schemes in PEV. Therefore,

A major cause of the sub-immunization is the need to receive, through reminders, multiple doses of vaccine. It was therefore essential to explore technical solutions that can be performed in the field in existing health systems. To take up the challenge of avoiding dose reminders. the development of single injection platforms providing “self-pasture vaccines” has aroused considerable attention.

Single injection platforms to issue several doses of vaccines

These platforms allow the programmed intermittent delivery of vaccine antigens. according to periodicities respecting the calendars of traditional vaccinations. Once towards end vaccine reminders? operational, they will constitute a possible solution to improve vaccination coverage rates.

The current development of such platforms mainly uses microparticles of synthetic biodegradable polymers which contain the doses of vaccines. Polyanhydridid ​​is one of the most studied biodegradable polymers currently in drug administration applications (for 40 years). with in -depth research devoted to its synthesis, its degradation kinetics, its biocompatibility and its chemical reactivity (1). For vaccination, the biodegradable polymer is used to create hermetic microconters which, by degrading, release the doses. However. most existing systems using these synthetic polymers are based on continuously liberation kinetics of antigens, which is not optimal for vaccines requiring reminders according to a specific calendar.

A new “split” administration vaccine

A team of researchers. biongelia and immunologists of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Rice Universityhas just developed a vaccine with “split” administration. Their work has indeed made it possible to develop a towards end vaccine reminders? new platform for the administration of polymer-based polymer microparticles. (Seal MP platform) designed for single injection vaccines. Researchers from Rice University have developed a pulsatile liberation kinetic technique (Pulsed) which allows prolonged. controlled release of vaccines over several weeks; It uses injectable microcylinders made by 3D printing and lithography with programmed deliverance from vaccine antigens, according to periodicities respecting traditional multidoses (reminders) calendars (2). This new technique responds to safety and efficiency concerns and should facilitate regulatory approval of its use by health authorities.

Their work has just been published in “Advanced Materials” (3). For the creation of microparticles having to contain vaccine antigens. more than 20 polyanhydrides polymers have been synthesized and riddled; 6 were selected for studies in vitro and 2 for studies in vain. In studies in vitrothe researchers relied on the use of automatic learning algorithms (AI) allowing them to determine different factors such as. the towards end vaccine reminders? number of monomers required, the quantity of vaccine antigens that can be included and transported by monomer microparticles, the time required for particles to degrade in the body and release antigens.

In the tests in vainthe diphtheria vaccine was used in a murin model. Researchers have created polymer -based polymer -based microparticles encapsulating the vaccine, with pulsatile release (Pulsed technique) allowing the successive administration of 2 doses of vaccine, the first immediately after injection, the other two weeks later. The mice having received this protocol generated as many antibodies as those having received two separate doses 2 weeks apart. Thus, a scheduled release has been obtained, allowing self-prulse immunization.

Immense potential that will require technical. scientific limits

This work highlights the potential of the SEAL MP platform to simplify the administration of the vaccine by reducing multidose patterns to a single injection, offering a practical and evolving solution to improve vaccination coverage towards end vaccine reminders? worldwide by fighting in particular against immunization. The researchers are now planning to extend these intervals in the issuance of vaccines. following a unique injection, up to several months, even several years. A generalization of this technique to other vaccines will require to overcome certain limits such as: (1) the stability of components in particular in the case of mRNA vaccines. recombinant proteins; (2) Mastery of immune reactions. In addition, this technology does not seem to be suitable for viruses that mutate frequently (flu, Sars-Cov-2, etc.).