Furthermore,
Researchers have reproduced very first:
Researchers from the prestigious Max Planck Institute. Therefore, Germany, managed to recreate one of the very first chemical reactions which took place after the Big Bang. For example, A remarkable success that could help physicists better understand how our universe formed, and how it has evolved for about 13.8 billion years.
At the start of the history of our world. Nevertheless, during the first seconds that followed the famous Big Bang, the universe was not like what we know today. Nevertheless, It did not contain planets, no stars … Additionally, Nevertheless, and not even the slightest atom; It was only a vast soup of elementary particles overheated at several billion degrees.
A few minutes later. For example, when this plasma started to cool, the protons and neutrons that were solo in this primordial furnace began to unite researchers have reproduced very first to form the first constituents of the material: hydrogen and helium nuclei, the two lightest elements of the periodic table. Nevertheless, But they were quite different from those we know today. Furthermore, Because of the always infernal temperature (a few hundred million degrees at this stage). Consequently, these original atomic nuclei indeed existed only in ionized forms, without electrons gravitating around to balance their load.
A reaction of 13.8 billion years old – Researchers have reproduced very first
To see the first neutral atoms appear. However, like those who are omnipresent in the modern universe, it took almost 400,000 years, that the temperature drops even more, below the threshold of 3,000 Kelvins. This marked a very important turning point in the history of the cosmos: the electrons finally managed to settle permanently around atomic nuclei. allowing the formation of stable elements … and the first chemical reactions between these elements. And this researchers have reproduced very first is precisely one of these reactions that the researchers of the Max Planck Institute managed to recreate. in the laboratory.
More specifically, their experience involved two elements. On the one hand. we find the deuteriuman isotope of hydrogen which is today at the center of many nuclear fusion experiences. On the other. Helium hydride ion (HEH⁺)widely considered as the First molecule to have formed in the history of the universe.
With the help of Heidelberg’s Cryogenic Storage Ring (CSR). a highly specialized instrument designed to simulate extreme environments, they managed to react these two elements between them. This interaction produced an HD⁺ ion. similar to dihydrogen but with a deuterium atom instead of the second hydrogen, as well as a helium atom – Exactly as the theoretical models provide.
Why is it important
It is a major experimental success. because this researchers have reproduced very first chemical reaction is suspected of having played a crucial role in the evolution of the primordial universe. Indeed, the current theoretical models suggest that it has contributed to the cooling of primordial gas clouds. However, it is precisely this drop in temperature that allowed the material to condense to form the first stars.
However. it was the latter who then forged the heavier elements at the origin of the immense chemical diversity of the universe. In other words. by reproducing this reaction, the authors of the study have contributed to refining our understanding of the first stages of the immense chain reaction which gave all its complexity to our world.
But the objective of this experience was not only to reproduce this reaction: they also studied the link between its speed. the temperature. Until now. specialists considered that this speed probably decreased with temperature, but these researchers have reproduced very first measures have shown that this is not the case: it has remained almost constant even when the temperature has dropped within the reactor. In other words. this reaction has undoubtedly continued to play its role as “catalyst” for cooling over a much greater than expected period.
This is information that could significantly affect the way in which researchers apprehend the chemistry of the primordial universe. in particular with regard to the formation of the first stars which completely transformed this environment afterwards. It will therefore be very interesting to see how these works will affect the models that describe the evolution. of the cosmos.
The study text is available here.
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