A case of tuberculosis has recently been detected in a Landen school, in Flemish Brabant. This disease, which was almost eradicated, is still present in the world. It remains a major public health concern, with 10.8 million cases recorded in 2023, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). 1.25 million of them lost their lives.
Tuberculosis has probably returned to the main cause of death due to a single infectious agent, place that the COVvid occupied for three years. As a reminder, tuberculosis is caused by a bacteria called Koch bacillus, it mainly affects the lungs, with fairly wide symptoms: persistent cough, fatigue, lack of appetite, chest pain, fever or night sweats. But it can also affect other organs such as brain, nodes or kidneys.
Note that only the particles expelled in the air are contagious. It is therefore essential to remain vigilant, especially in places where contamination rates remain high. Faced with these signs, consulting a doctor remains a crucial step to prevent any spread.
Silent threat well present
Although medical advances have reduced its impact in certain countries, it remains a silent and formidable threat. It is also still present today in the world, but in different proportions.
The most affected regions are located in Southeast Asia and Africa, which accumulated 45 % and 25 % of new world cases respectively. Countries like India, Bangladesh and the Democratic Republic of Congo are particularly concerned with this problem of public health.
On the other hand, in Belgium, where the incidence is low, around 1000 cases are detected each year. These cases mainly concern people living in large cities, often arrived from abroad.
Treatments exist
Fortunately, effective treatments exist. Antibiotics, prescribed in the event of contamination, reduce the risk of transmission from 80 to 90 %, whether symptoms are present or not. However, these treatments require several months of rigorous follow -up.
In terms of prevention, vaccination is also a key solution, in particular for travelers visiting highly affected areas or for health professionals exposed to risk environments.
