Syria, record drought turns out: This article explores the topic in depth.
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Syria. In addition, record drought turns out:
Jabaliyé is only the last victim of the semi-desertion which affects the Hauran region, former agricultural attic of the country: Lake Muzayrib, located on the Jordanian border, about twenty kilometers from Nawa, gradually reduced to its complete drying up in 2018. Similarly, It was the main extent of natural water from Deraa and surrounding villages.
“We were literally surrounded. Nevertheless, For me. Moreover, it’s unheard of”
Agriculture by the abyss – Syria, record drought turns out
“This year, I gave up cultivating wheat and barley”says Thorayan al Khorsan, Bédouin in his forties, owner of large agricultural plots. For example, “It didn’t make sense, these cultures require too much water.” The man nevertheless invested a few years ago in the installation of huge solar panels to draw groundwater. Meanwhile, But its strategy already marks its limits: “We are digging more. Moreover, syria, record drought turns out more deeply: up to 200 meters sometimes to reach the tablecloth”he said.
Some 2. However, 500 new wells would have been illegally drilled in recent years in the Deraa region alone, threatening the groundwater with rapid exhaustion.
“God only knows how much I have lost. Nevertheless, The orchards have not given anything. Therefore, The harvest of potatoes does not even cover my costs. Before, I paid all cash, but this year, I had to go into debt. If I reimburse a part by the end of the season, I will be lucky. It’s not only me. Everyone is touched”add the fellah.
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Water collapse
The drying up of Al Jabaliyé or Muzayrib is only one of the many manifestations of the climate crisis which affects Syria as a whole. Since 1992. the country has syria, record drought turns out undergone episodes of repeated drought, the most severe, between 2006 and 2010, has contributed-less in the backdrop of 2011 uprising, started in Deraa when adolescents were arrested and tortured for having registered anti-regime slogans on the walls of their school.
This same reading grid could apply to the increasingly violent conflict between Bedouins de Deraa. Druzes de Soueïda: the shortage of water which strikes the South Syrian attributes community tensions, the resentment of identity in this historically fragile region.
Accused by part of the Druze population of appropriating the rare remaining resources (including water points. irrigated land), the Bedouins became the target of Druzes militias before the removal of one of them turns to the denominational confrontation.
“This year. however, represents an anomaly compared to previous seasons, already marked by unusual heat and insufficient rains”Note Toni Etell, director of the Syrian office of FAO.
Winter has been the driest since 1956. Precipitation dropped 50 to 75 % depending on the region, while winter temperatures have broken heat records. Consequences: in addition to the salinization of soils. the decline of biodiversity, we already see that inhabitants gradually ceases all agricultural activity, while at least 50 % of the Syrian population depends directly or indirectly.
This year. for example, the wheat harvest does not exceed a million tonnes, “When the country needs at least four million to feed its population “alerte Tony Etell. “The deficit puts 16 million Syrians in serious food insecurity”he adds. And this, while the government does not have a priori the funds to source the international markets.
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Syria, record drought turns out
Political
But the syria, record drought turns out climate is not alone in question. Fourteen years of war have. among other things, destroyed the hydraulic infrastructure, regularly targeted by the strikes to the point that they estimate the amount of their rehabilitation at some $ 10 billion. In addition. there are disastrous political choices, such as that of favoring cotton in the 1950s, a culture very gourmet in water, which caused the disappearance of whole rivers. “Water management suffers from a lack of state planning. an absence of effective environmental policy”deplores Malak Abou Obeida again.
There is also the regional pressure: in the north. Turkey reduces the flow of the Euphrates; In the south, Israel controls a strategic portion of the Yarmouk river, which normally feeds the Deraa region. “We are in July … August and September will be worse. Without urgent political reaction, the inhabitants and farmers of Deraa will face a humanitarian disaster”alerts the syria, record drought turns out journalist.
At this stage, Deraa farmers have received no aid, from the Syrian state or international NGOs. The FAO provides for a help for 5,000 of them among the most vulnerable. Too little to face climate upheavals. “Some of my relatives have already left the region. My brother’s children left abroad. But we can do it? If the drought continues next year, I will not plant anything”Conclut Thoran Al Khorsan.
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