| In short |
|
Technological advances in health are constantly surprising us. One of the latest discoveries, published in the journal Nature, highlights the incredible possibilities offered by brain-machine implants. Scientists from the University of California have developed an implant capable of deciphering the thoughts of a person with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SLA). Thanks to this technology, the patient was able to “speak” with his family and the researchers. This feat demonstrates the enormous potential of these devices to improve the quality of life of people with severe disabilities.
Previous promising
It is fascinating to note that this study is not a first in the field of communication for silent people. Since 2021, several cases have been documented, where the advances have made it possible to transform the neural activity into text, then into audible words. Companies specializing in medical technologies, or “medtech”, are betting more and more on brain implants. Neuralink, for example, is well known for its projects aimed at restoring people with senses or lost capacities. These innovations offer instant vocal synthesisallowing users to interrupt a conversation and to be reactive, thereby reducing social isolation.
“A treasure at 4 billion euros”: this French peasant discovers a gold mine in his garden but the state brutally seizes it
A table summarizes the progress made:
“They read in minds”: this controversial method used in India to confuse criminals
| Year | Advanced |
|---|---|
| 2021 | Transformation of neural activity into text |
| 2023 | Instantaneous oralization of thoughts |
Technical challenges
To achieve these impressive results, scientists had to take up considerable technical challenges. They first needed a patient whose brain capacities were intact, but which could no longer speak. Then they were a brain-computer interface capable of reading and interpreting the electrical signals of the cerebral cortex. Reducing false positives and correctly translating these signals was crucial. Finally, data collection required precise surgical intervention, with the establishment of four electrodes in the brain language area. An incorrect positioning, even tiny, could have had serious consequences.
Handle your influence on social networks with a click thanks to this essential site
The richness of expression
Once the electrodes are in place, a last challenge awaited the researchers: allowing the patient to express himself completely. The interface was not only giving back, but also restoring the shades of oral expression, such as flow and tone. These elements are essential for effective communication. As soon as the post-operative awakening, the patient could not only speak, but also sing and cry, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the system. This advance could open the way to many other similar casestransforming the lives of many people.
This study raises many questions about the future of brain-computer interfaces. How will these technologies evolve to continue to improve the lives of people with disabilities? What will be the new ethical and technical challenges to be met?
The author relied on artificial intelligence to enrich this article.
Did you like it? 4.5/5 (21)
