The report is based on the results of the national survey on the international migration of HCP (2018-2019) to establish the distribution of qualification levels according to the host countries. It appears there that 76 % of Moroccans installed in North America holds a diploma in higher education, against 48.9 % in the former European immigration countries (France, Belgium, Netherlands, Spain, Italy) and only 10.9 % in new European countries.
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In other words, the more distant the destination, the more the profiles graduated. A new migratory hierarchy has established itself: Canada attracts young graduates, the United States Scientific or technical profiles, and Germany captures an increasing share of labor formed in Morocco, especially in the fields of health and industry.
The EESC also notes that 74.1 % of MDMs with a higher diploma obtained it in Morocco, which confirms that the country locally trains skills which it then loses for the benefit of countries better endowed with reception structures, professional recognition and living conditions.
The document insists on the absence of a coherent public policy to respond to this dynamic. He recalls that existing devices (such as Tokten, Maghribcom or Fincomme) did not allow real mobilization of talents. In the absence of clear governance, rigorous evaluation and institutional coordination, past experiences have not been capitalized, and their impact has remained limited.
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In addition, the report highlights the lack of legibility of Moroccan initiatives for its skills abroad. Administrative obstacles, compartmentalization between ministries, and the absence of an updated repertoire of Moroccan experts in the world make any return strategy or even a remote contribution difficult.
The EESC recommends several concrete measures:
• Introduce specific provisions into law n ° 63.21 on higher education and scientific research, to promote distance participation of Moroccan experts abroad.
• Create a public digital digital platform for the management of Moroccan skills internationally, in order to establish a bridge between the talents of the diaspora and the needs of the Moroccan market, especially in the trades in tension.
• Base on public-private partnership to strengthen the tools for mobilizing, exchange and enhancement of skills.
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Faced with this organized leak, it is less a question of emigration than of institutional disconnection which arises. Morocco trains, but does not retain. And for the talents that settle in Berlin, Toronto or San Francisco, the link with the country is mainly maintained in an emotional, punctual, even symbolic mode, for lack of structured levers to allow them to contribute sustainably to national development.
