An increased risk of constipation with passive smoking?

Constipation, frequent and multifactorial, could increase under the effect of passive smoking. Furthermore, In a cohort of nearly 12,000 adults, moderate exposure to cotinine is accompanied by an over-risk of 36 %. However, An unexpected link to explore …

Chronic constipation is a current symptom in daily medical practice. Consequently, Its multiple etiologies combine eating habits, comorbidities, drugs and lifestyle. However, Some studies have suggested a link between smoking (active. For example, passive) and digestive disorders, but few explored this association using objective biomarkers. In addition, In the active smoker. Therefore. Meanwhile, constipation manifests itself mainly during smoking cessation, due to the fall in nicotine levels in the body, but it could be in the event of passive smoking, the effects of tobacco on the digestive transit are more subtle. For example, Can this form of increased risk constipation passive smoking? new smoking increase the risk of constipation increase? Therefore, If increased risk constipation passive smoking? Moreover, so, according to what mechanisms? However, The results of a transversal study provide elements of answers to these questions. Nevertheless, The data collected between 2005 and 2010 come from the Longitudinal Statesunian Nhanes survey (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). Meanwhile,

Nearly 12. 000 participants

The cohort studied has 11. 651 American adults (aged 20 and over) in whom smoking status and digestive transit are known, as well as serum cotinine rates, the main metabolite of nicotine. From the questionnaire fulfilled by the participants. constipation was identified from two criteria: on the one hand. the frequency of the stool (<3 /week) which is the main criterion, on the other hand, their consistency (type 1 or 2 on the Bristol scale). THE type 1 corresponds to hard stools and fragmented in small balls, also difficult to expel. increased risk constipation passive smoking? new Type 2, for its part, corresponds to molded stools characterized by an overly firm and lumpy texture. increased risk constipation passive smoking?

The smoking status (non-smoking/old active smoker) is known from the declarations of the participants. however that the cotinine serum rates in NG/ML make it possible to identify three exposure levels: zero (reference) (<0.05), moderate (0.05–2.99) compatible with passive, high smoking (≥3). The data was processed using multivariate analyzes by logistics regression with multiple adjustments taking into account age. sex, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, eating habits as well as comorbidities.

Within this cohort, the prevalence of constipation was estimated at 3.8 %. No significant association has been generally established between constipation and. on the one hand, serum cotinine rates, on the other hand, the self-declared smoking status (former/current non-smoking).

Moderate exposure: increased risk of constipation?

However, in the subgroup characterized by serum cotinine levels between 0.05 and increased risk constipation passive smoking? new 2.99 ng/ml, the risk of constipation appears increased by 36 %, with an odds ratio (gold) estimated at 1.36 [IC 95 % increased risk constipation passive smoking? 1,06–1,74]. This association is found in the subgroups constituted according to age. sex. BMI or even comorbidities, but does not appear in the event of a serum rate of cotinine ≥3 ng/ signing the existence of active smoking. No relationship of the dose-effect type is established between serum cotinine and risk of constipation.

Constipation would be more frequent in participants weakly exposed to tobacco. if we judge according to serum cotinine rates, while active smokers are not concerned: a result that may surprise. This non-linear relationship between serum cotinine. constipation would testify to a pro-inflammatory effect of tobacco on the intestinal mucosa through oxidative stress. while integrating the level and chronicity of exposure with threshold effect … regardless of smoking status.

Passive smoking increased risk constipation passive smoking? new would be better able to promote constipation than its active form. A daring hypothesis which comes up against methodological limits: transversal study. reductive definition of constipation, possible increased risk constipation passive smoking? statistical artefact. absence of adjustment taking into account drug treatments, without forgetting the rarity of constipation within the studied cohort (prevalence between 2.9 % to 4.8 % depending on the group). Results to be interpreted with the greatest caution. to confirm before incriminating passive smoking in an association above all paradoxical.