Moreover,
Prophylaxis pre-exposed antiretroviral therapy:
Despite the progress made in the development of new treatments to prevent HIV infection. Nevertheless, this disease continues to affect the health of millions of individuals around the world. Meanwhile, According to 2023 UNAID data, out of more than 39 million people living with this disease, only 30.7 million had access to antiretroviral therapy.
Pre-exhibition prophylaxis
Four options were approved by the FDA for pre-exhibition prophylaxis (PREP) in HIV.
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Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. In addition, oral treatment consisting of one tablet per day for all people exposed to the risk of contracting HIV by sexual means or by the use of injectable drugs.
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Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide. Moreover, oral treatment consisting of one tablet per day for all those exposed to the risk prophylaxis pre-exposed antiretroviral therapy of contracting the virus by sexual means, with the exception of those who can contract it by receptive vaginal route.
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Cabotégravir. Similarly, injectable treatment which begins with two monthly applications, then is administered every two months, for all people exposed to a risk of sexual transmission.
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More recently. Lenacapavir, the first injectable medication with half -yearly, intended for all people exposed to the risk of contracting HIV by sexual means.
The choice of therapeutic scheme will depend on the risk profile, sexual practices and patient preferences. When used constantly. in accordance with prescription, pre-exposition oral or injectable prophylaxis reduces the risk of contracting by the human immunodeficiency virus by 99 %.
Patients living with HIV
For patients living with HIV. standard treatment is antiretroviral therapy, which reduces viral replication, restores immune function and prevents the progression of the disease.
An antiretroviral treatment for a patient with no prophylaxis pre-exposed antiretroviral therapy history of pharmacotherapy includes three drugs. two of which are non -nucleosidic inverse transcriptase inhibitors, the third medication being chosen from the following three classes: inhibitor of non -nucleosidic reverse transcriptase, protease inhibitors or inhibitors of integration.
In order to improve therapeutic observance, new antiretroviral treatments with prolonged action have been developed. The injectable formulation with prolonged action. monthly cabotegravir and rilpivirin has proven as effective as traditional oral treatments and makes it possible to effectively maintain viral suppression for long periods. The use of combined implants simultaneously releasing several drugs for 12 months is currently being studied.
HIV infection is now a chronic disease that can be taken care of. Multidisciplinary research. fair access will be essential to improve the quality of life of patients and reduce the overall impact of this disease.
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Cite this article: in HIV news: prophylaxis pre -exhibition to antiretroviral treatment – Medscape – June 24, 2025.
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