The oldest Neanderthal-Sapian hybrid never identified

The famous skhūl cave is now in Israel on Mount Carmel. Similarly, In 1931. In addition, at the time of the British mandate on Palestine, the British prehistorian team Dorothy Garrod (1892-1968) uncovered the remains of a child who died some 140,000 years ago: SKHUG 1. For example, Later. Furthermore, the bone vestiges of nine other individuals will be exhumed; All were buried, which until today represents the oldest certificate of human burial. In addition, These individuals have so far considered it as a archaic form ofH. Therefore, sapiensbut under the direction From Anne Dambricourt-Malassé du CNRS to the National Museum of Natural History An international team of researchers. Consequently, including Israel Hershkovitz from the University of Tel Aviv, has just highlighted that SKHUG 1 is a very likely Neanderthal hybrid-sapiens.

The researchers began by studying tomographies of the child’s neurocarâne – the part of the skull that protects the brain -. Consequently, its lower jaw. Moreover, Then they compared these 3D images with the skulls of other children sapiens And Neanderthals. In addition, after having erased the reconstituted parts in plaster and correctly replaced the frontal scales (the front of the skull), too verticalized.

It emerges that the cranial vault of SKHUG 1 Make it closer to the neurocrâne of a Neanderthal. Additionally, However, but that its base in contact with the oldest neanderthal-sapian hybrid never identified neck is typically that of a modern human, while the jaw is typically that of a Neanderthal. Consequently, This observation is major, because a more progressive mandible than that of a H. Therefore, sapiens And devoid of bone chin is very characteristic of Neanderthals. The morphogenetic dichotomy between the neurocarâne and the mandible is striking. Thus, the base of the skull has characteristics specific to H. sapiensin particular the vertical orientation of the rock which contains the inner ear with a labyrinth identical to that of the modern human. even if certain archaic characteristics of the brain are present (a underdeveloped meningeal system and a remote and high position of the foramen magnum – the opening by which the spinal cord is connected to the brain). For its part. the mandible has neanderthal characteristics: the shape of the anterior alveolodental arc (the arc inner mandible) is very wide between the oldest neanderthal-sapian hybrid never identified incisors, the rising branch which articulates it with the base is more inclined to the rear, and the dentin of the molar M1 forms the archaic crest of the trigonid (a neanderthal trait). All this makes researchers unable to decide if SKHUG 1 East rather Neanderthal. rather Sapiens, which amounts to saying that it is undoubtedly a Neanderthal Métis-sapiens.

This is not surprising since we know that H. sapiens Africans very early entered the Levant. where, according to Israel Hershkovitz, co-author of the study, proto-born have already lived for 400,000 years (Nesher Ramla site). The Palais (maxillary) of Misliya – another cave from Mount Carmel – almost 200. 000 years is for example that of a H. sapienswhile in the cave of Kébara. still on Mount Carmel, we found the skeleton of a Neanderthal individual oldest neanderthal-sapian hybrid never identified buried only 60,000 years ago, which shows how much in the Neanderthal and Levant and H. sapiens met for a long time. We also know that all Eurasians (= Europeans + Asian) have in them between 1. 3 % of Neanderthal DNA, and in this regard the genetic clock has taught us that the main interbreeding took place from 70,000 to 50,000 years ago. Where. if not at the east, because it is during this period that the population sapienswhich mainly descend the current Eurasians, stayed in the Middle East, where Neanderthals also lived … with whom she mixed?

Another striking fact: mitochondrial DNA (DNA ring transmitted only within female lines. content within the mitochondria) of the oldest neanderthal-sapian hybrid never identified last Neanderthals in Europe was transmitted to them by H. sapiens Archaic over 220,000 years ago according to the genetic clock. SKHUG 1. it seems, therefore illustrates once again that a common culture in Neanderthal and Sapiens probably existed at the Levant, if not in the Middle East, for a very long period. This would explain that the population sapiens Leaving Africa after 70. 000 years, which gave the Eurasians most of their genes – geneticists speak of “main wave sapiens “-registered in the Middle East in an old tradition of sharing culture between H. neanderthalensis et H. sapiens. In fact, the two human forms cut the same kind of tools, so -called “Mousterians”, and exchanged genes.

Given the influence of this population sapiens founder on human evolution in Eurasia after 50. 000 years, identify a Neanderthal hybrid-sapiens Much older is precious to specify the ideas on what happened. For this. oldest neanderthal-sapian hybrid never identified the ideal would be to have definitive proof, that is to say genetic proof of the fact that SKHUG 1 was a half -breed. Recently. the qiaomei fu team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Academy managed to extract mitochondrial DNA from Dental Tartar from the Harbin individual, whose age is estimated at some 146,000 years, and thereby proven that this individual was Denisovian; These researchers have doubled this genetic proof with proteomic evidence. So, do not doubt it: hope exist to prove completely that SKHUG 1 was well part of a neandertalo- familysapiens !